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Soil Treatment

Several biological approaches such as bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and biocontrol have been used to improve soil health and remediate polluted environments. These methods utilize microbial inoculants, biofertilizers, organic amendments, and bio-based chemicals. Compared to chemical pesticides and fertilizers, biofertilizers offer many advantages, including reduced environmental impact, lower human health risks, more targeted action, and the ability to self-regulate through plant and microbial interactions.

Various treatment techniques for soil pollution can be classified by the type of treatment (physical or chemical), location (in-situ or ex-situ), or the environmental element being treated (air, water, or soil). Biological processing techniques, particularly bioremediation, are considered environmentally friendly and have shown promise in combating the negative effects of soil pollution 

Types of Soil Pollution and Treatment Strategies

Oil pollution leads to the contamination of soil with petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals (such as cadmium, zinc, and lead), and compounds like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Strategies for soil treatment are focused on three key approaches:

⦁Extracting pollutants from the soil or separating them from the environment.

⦁Changing or removing pollutants through chemical, physical, or biological processes.

⦁Immobilizing pollutants to halt their harmful effects.

In some cases, a combination of these approaches may be necessary to fully remediate the contaminated soil.